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Facebook is a social networking service and website launched in February 2004, owned and operated by Facebook, Inc. As of May 2012, Facebook has over 900 million active users, more than half of them using Facebook on a mobile device.
Facebook Expanding Reach of Page Post Ads:-
Brands looking to expand their reach
on Facebook may soon be able to target new users via page post ads.
The social network has begun testing a
process that allows companies to specifically aim their advertising toward the
newsfeeds of Facebook users who are not already a fan of the brand page.
A Facebook spokeswoman confirmed the
rollout. "This is a small test and we're constantly gathering feedback
from people on how to improve our ad experience," she said.
The ads will appear on the desktop and
mobile platforms, and will look like regular Facebook newsfeed posts, though
they will be marked with a "sponsored" label and carry a
"like" button, the spokeswoman said. The reach of the ads will expand
based on fans liking, commenting on, or sharing the message, according to
Facebook.
Previously, a company could only
advertise in the newsfeed of its fans. Now Facebook is stepping out from
limiting brands to only connected users. Businesses currently part of the test
group can turn any post to their official page into an ad, which will appear in
the newsfeed rather than the right-hand column of Facebook ads.
Just like any form of advertising, it
costs money to run ads and Sponsored Stories on Facebook. Marketers are in
control of how much they spend on ads by setting a daily or lifetime budget, a
spokeswoman said. The company is charged only for the number of clicks the ads
receives.
All fans of the brand page will have
the opportunity to see the ad, as well as interact with it, but it will also be
pushed out to other users who may be interested.
Last week, the social network announced that
it was testing a mobile ad system that directs users to the Google Play store
or Apple App Store if they click on a mobile ad for an app not already
installed on their smartphone. In the last month, Facebook said, the new system
sent users to both stores 146 million times.
Meanwhile, Sponsored Stories were
originally introduced to Facebook in Jan. 2011, allowing advertisers to promote
their brand on the right-hand side of the page with check-ins or mentions from your
friends. Some users, however, were irked that Facebook sponsors using their
likeness for ads without permission and in May, Facebook settled a
class-action lawsuit regarding Sponsored Stories.
About Facebook:-
Facebook is a social networking service and
website launched in February 2004, owned and operated by Facebook,
Inc. As of May 2012, Facebook has over 900
million active users, more than half of them using Facebook on a mobile
device. Users must register before using the site, after which they
may create a personal profile, add other users as friends, and
exchange messages, including automatic notifications when they update their
profile. Additionally, users may join common-interest user groups, organized by
workplace, school or college, or other characteristics, and categorize their
friends into lists such as "People From Work" or "Close Friends".
The name of the service stems from the colloquial name for the book given to
students at the start of the academic year by some university administrations
in the United States to help students get to know each other. Facebook allows
any users who declare themselves to be at least 13 years old to become
registered users of the site.
Facebook Login |
Facebook was founded by Mark
Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow students Eduardo
Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin
Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. The website's membership was
initially limited by the founders to Harvard students, but was expanded to
other colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League,
and Stanford University. It gradually added support
for students at various other universities before opening to high school
students, and eventually to anyone aged 13 and over. However, according to a
May 2011 Consumer Reports survey, there are 7.5
million children under 13 with accounts and 5 million under 10, violating the
site's terms of service.
A January 2009 Compete.com study
ranked Facebook as the most used social networking service by worldwide monthly
active users.Entertainment Weekly included the site on
its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list, saying, "How on earth did
we stalk our exes, remember our co-workers' birthdays, bug our friends, and
play a rousing game of Scrabulous before Facebook?" Critics, such as Facebook Detox, state that
Facebook has turned into a national obsession that results in vast amounts of
time lost and innately encourages narcissism. Quantcast estimates
Facebook has 138.9 million monthly unique U.S. visitors in May 2011. According
to Social Media Today, in April 2010 an estimated 41.6% of the U.S.
population had a Facebook account. Nevertheless, Facebook's market growth
started to stall in some regions, with the site losing 7 million active users
in the United States and Canada in May 2011.
Facebook-History:-
Mark Zuckerberg wrote Facemash, the
predecessor to Facebook, on October 28, 2003, while attending Harvard as a sophomore. According to The Harvard Crimson, the site was comparable to Hot or Not,
and "used photos compiled from the online facebooks of nine houses,
placing two next to each other at a time and asking users to choose the
'hotter' person"
Facebook Mark Zukerberg |
To accomplish this, Zuckerberg hacked into the protected areas of
Harvard's computer network and copied the houses' private dormitory ID images.
Harvard at that time did not have a student "facebook" (a directory with photos and
basic information), though individual houses had been issuing their own paper
facebooks since the mid-1980s. Facemash attracted 450 visitors and 22,000 photo-views
in its first four hours online.
The site was quickly forwarded to
several campus group list-servers, but was shut down a few days later by the
Harvard administration. Zuckerberg was charged by the administration with
breach of security, violating copyrights,
and violating individual privacy, and faced expulsion. Ultimately, the charges
were dropped. Zuckerberg expanded on this initial project that semester by
creating a social study tool ahead of an art history final,
by uploading 500 Augustan images to a website, with one image
per page along with a comment section. He opened the site up to his classmates,
and people started sharing their notes.
The following semester, Zuckerberg
began writing code for a new website in January 2004. He was inspired, he said,
by an editorial in The Harvard Crimsonabout the Facemash incident. On
February 4, 2004, Zuckerberg launched "Thefacebook", originally
located at thefacebook.com.
Six days after the site launched,
three Harvard seniors, Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler
Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra, accused Zuckerberg of intentionally
misleading them into believing he would help them build a social network
called HarvardConnection.com,
while he was instead using their ideas to build a competing product. The three
complained to the Harvard Crimson, and the newspaper began an
investigation. The three later filed a lawsuit against Zuckerberg, subsequently
settling.
Membership was initially restricted to
students of Harvard College, and within the first month, more
than half the undergraduate population at Harvard was registered on the
service. Eduardo Saverin (business aspects), Dustin Moskovitz (programmer), Andrew
McCollum (graphic artist), and Chris Hughes soon joined Zuckerberg to
help promote the website. In March 2004, Facebook expanded to Stanford, Columbia, and Yale. It soon opened to the
other Ivy
League schools, Boston
University, New York University, MIT, and gradually most
universities in Canada and the United States.
Facebook Login Page |
Facebook was incorporated in mid-2004, and the
entrepreneur Sean Parker, who had been informally advising
Zuckerberg, became the company's president. In June 2004, Facebook moved
its base of operations to Palo Alto, California. It received its
first investment later that month from PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel.
The company dropped The from its name after purchasing thedomain name facebook.com
in 2005 for $200,000.
Facebook launched a high-school
version in September 2005, which Zuckerberg called the next logical
step. At that time, high-school networks required an invitation to
join. Facebook later expanded membership eligibility to employees of
several companies, including Apple Inc. and Microsoft.Facebook
was then opened on September 26, 2006, to everyone of age 13 and older with a
valid email address.
On October 24, 2007, Microsoft
announced that it had purchased a 1.6% share of Facebook for $240 million,
giving Facebook a total implied value of around
$15 billion. Microsoft's purchase included rights to place
international ads on Facebook. In October 2008, Facebook announced that it
would set up its international headquarters in Dublin, Ireland. In
September 2009, Facebook said that it had turned cash-flow positive for the
first time. In November 2010, based on SecondMarket Inc.,
an exchange for shares of privately held companies, Facebook's value was
$41 billion (slightly surpassing eBay's) and it became
the third largest U.S. Web company after Google and Amazon.
Traffic to Facebook increased steadily
after 2009. More people visited Facebook than Google for the week ending March
13, 2010.
In March 2011 it was reported that
Facebook removes approximately 20,000 profiles from the site every day for
various infractions, including spam, inappropriate content and underage use, as
part of its efforts to boost cyber security.
In early 2011, Facebook announced
plans to move to its new headquarters, the former Sun
Microsystems campus inMenlo Park, California.
Release of statistics by DoubleClick showed
that Facebook reached one trillion pageviews in the month of June 2011, making
it the most visited website in the world. It should however be noted that
Google and some of its selected websites are not counted in the DoubleClick
rankings. According to the Nielsen Media Research study, released in December
2011, Facebook is the second most accessed website in the US.
In March 2012, Facebook announced App
Center, an online mobile store which sells applications that connect to
Facebook. The store will be available to iPhone, Android and mobile web users.
In March 2012, members of the LGBTI community asked
Facebook to add a "other", "third
gender" or "intersex" tab in the gender option which contains only
male and female. Facebook refused and said that individuals can "opt
out" of showing their gender.
Facebook, Inc. held an
initial public offering on May 17, 2012, negotiating a share price of
$38 apiece, valuing the company at $104 billion, the largest valuation to date
for a newly listed public company.
User Profile:-
Users can create profiles with photos,
lists of personal interests, contact information, and other personal
information. Users can communicate with friends and other users through private
or public messages and a chat feature. They can also create and join interest
groups and "like pages" (called "fan pages" until April 19,
2010), some of which are maintained by organizations as a means of
advertising. A 2012 Pew Internet and American Life study identified that
between 20–30% of Facebook users are "power users" who frequently
link, poke, post and tag themselves and others.
Privacy Settings:-
To allay concerns about privacy,
Facebook enables users to choose their own privacy settings and choose who can
see specific parts of their profile. The website is free to users, and
generates revenue from advertising, such as banner ads. Facebook
requires a user's name and profile picture (if applicable) to be accessible by
everyone. Users can control who sees other information they have shared, as
well as who can find them in searches, through their privacy settings.
Comparison with Myspace:-
The media often compares Facebook
to MySpace,
but one significant difference between the two Web sites is the level of
customization. Another difference is Facebook's requirement that users give
their true identity, a demand that MySpace does not make. MySpace allows users
to decorate their profiles using HTML and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), while
Facebook allows only plain text. Facebook has a number of features with
which users may interact. They include the Wall, a space on every user's profile page that
allows friends to post messages for the user to see; Pokes,
which allows users to send a virtual "poke" to each other (a
notification then tells a user that they have been poked); Photos, where users can upload albums and photos;
and Status, which allows users to inform their
friends of their whereabouts and actions. Depending on privacy settings, anyone
who can see a user's profile can also view that user's Wall. In July 2007,
Facebook began allowing users to post attachments to the Wall, whereas the Wall
was previously limited to textual content only.
News Feed:-
On September 6, 2006, a News Feed was announced, which appears on
every user's homepage and highlights information including profile changes,
upcoming events, and birthdays of the user's friends. This enabled spammers and
other users to manipulate these features by creating illegitimate events or
posting fake birthdays to attract attention to their profile or cause.
Initially, the News Feed caused dissatisfaction among Facebook users; some
complained it was too cluttered and full of undesired information, others were
concerned that it made it too easy for others to track individual activities
(such as relationship status changes, events, and conversations with other
users).
In response, Zuckerberg issued an
apology for the site's failure to include appropriate customizable privacy
features. Since then, users have been able to control what types of information
are shared automatically with friends. Users are now able to prevent user-set
categories of friends from seeing updates about certain types of activities,
including profile changes, Wall posts, and newly added friends.
On February 23, 2010, Facebook was
granted a patenton certain aspects of its News Feed. The patent covers News
Feeds in which links are provided so that one user can participate in the same
activity of another user. The patent may encourage Facebook to pursue action
against websites that violate its patent, which may potentially include
websites such as Twitter.
One of the most popular applications
on Facebook is the Photos application, where users can upload
albums and photos. Facebook allows users to upload an unlimited number of
photos, compared with other image hosting services such as Photobucket and Flickr, which apply
limits to the number of photos that a user is allowed to upload. During the
first years, Facebook users were limited to 60 photos per album. As of May
2009, this limit has been increased to 200 photos per album.
Privacy settings can be set for
individual albums, limiting the groups of users that can see an album. For
example, the privacy of an album can be set so that only the user's friends can
see the album, while the privacy of another album can be set so that all
Facebook users can see it. Another feature of the Photos application is the
ability to "tag", or label, users in a photo. For instance,
if a photo contains a user's friend, then the user can tag the friend in the
photo. This sends a notification to the friend that they have been tagged, and
provides them a link to see the photo. On 7 June 2012, Facebook launched its
App Center to its users. It will help the users in finding games and other
applications with ease. Since the launch of the App Center, Facebook has seen
150M monthly users with 2.4 times the installation of apps.
Facebook sign in |
Facebook Notes:-
Facebook Notes was introduced on
August 22, 2006, a blogging feature that allowed tags and embeddable images.
Users were later able to import blogs from Xanga, LiveJournal, Blogger,
and other blogging services. During the week of April 7, 2008, Facebook
released a Comet-based instant
messaging application called "Chat" to several
networks, which allows users to communicate with friends and is similar in
functionality to desktop-based instant messengers.
Facebook launched Gifts on February 8, 2007, which allows
users to send virtual gifts to their friends that appear on the recipient's
profile. Gifts cost $1.00 each to purchase, and a personalized message can be
attached to each gift. On May 14, 2007, Facebook launched Marketplace, which lets users post free
classified ads. Marketplace has been compared to Craigslist by CNET, which points out
that the major difference between the two is that listings posted by a user on
Marketplace are seen only by users in the same network as that user, whereas
listings posted on Craigslist can be seen by anyone.
On July 20, 2008, Facebook introduced
"Facebook Beta", a significant redesign of its user interface on
selected networks. The Mini-Feed and Wall were consolidated, profiles were
separated into tabbed sections, and an effort was made to create a
"cleaner" look. After initially giving users a choice to switch,
Facebook began migrating all users to the new version starting in September
2008. On December 11, 2008, it was announced that Facebook was testing a
simpler signup process.
Facebook Username:-
On June 13, 2009, Facebook introduced
a "Usernames" feature, whereby pages can be linked with simpler URLs such as http://www.facebook.com/facebook
instead ofhttp://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=20531316728
Many new smartphones offer
access to Facebook services through either their Web browsers or applications.
An official Facebook application is available for the operating systems Android, iOS, and webOS. Nokia and Research In Motion both provide Facebook
applications for their own mobile devices. More than 425 million active users
access Facebook through mobile devices across 200 mobile operators in 60
countries.
Facebook Messages:-
On November 15, 2010, Facebook
announced a new "Facebook Messages" service. In a media event that
day, CEO Mark Zuckerberg said, "It's true that people will be able to have
an @facebook.com email addresses, but it's not email". The launch of such
a feature had been anticipated for some time before the announcement, with some
calling it a "Gmail killer". The system, to be available to all of
the website's users, combines text messaging, instant
messaging, emails, and regular messages, and will include privacy settings
similar to those of other Facebook services. Codenamed "Project
Titan", Facebook Messages took 15 months to develop.
In February 2011, Facebook began to
use the hCalendar
microformat to mark up events, and the hCard microformat for
the events' venues, enabling the extraction of details to users' own calendar
or mapping applications.
Voice Calls:-
Since April 2011 Facebook users have
had the ability to make live voice calls via Facebook Chat, allowing users to
chat with others from all over the world. This feature, which is provided free
through T-Mobile's new Bobsled service, lets the user add voice to the current
Facebook Chat as well as leave voice messages on Facebook.
Video Calling:-
On July 6, 2011, Facebook launched its
video calling services using Skype as its technology partner. It allows one to
one calling using a Skype Rest API.
Facebook Subscribe:-
On September 14, 2011, Facebook
launched a Subscribe button. The feature allows for users to follow public
updates, and these are the people most often broadcasting their ideas. There
were major modifications that the site released on September 22, 2011.
As reported by TechCrunch on
February 15, 2012, Facebook is introducing ‘Verified Account’ concept like that
of Twitter & Google+. Though as of March 3, 2012, verified accounts
don’t get any badges or denotations, but such accounts will get more priority
in ‘Subscription Suggestions’ of Facebook.
On March 6, 2012, Facebook officially
launched Messenger for Windows, which gives users of Windows 7 access
to some Facebook services without using a web browser.
Privacy:-
According to comScore, an
internet marketing research company, Facebook
collects as much data from its visitors as Google and Microsoft, but
considerably less than Yahoo!. In 2010, the security team began expanding its
efforts to reduce the risks to users' privacy, but privacy concerns remain. On November 6,
2007, Facebook launched Facebook
Beacon, which was an ultimately failed attempt to advertise to friends of
users using the knowledge of what purchases friends made. As of March 2012,
Facebook's usage of its user data is under close scrutiny.
FTC settlement:-
On November 29, 2011, Facebook agreed
to settle US Federal Trade Commission charges that
it deceived consumers by failing to keep privacy promises.
Technical aspects:-
Facebook is built in PHP which is
compiled with HipHop for PHP, a source code transformer built by
Facebook engineers that turns PHP into C++. The deployment
of HipHop reportedly reduced average CPU consumption on Facebook servers by
50%.
Facebook is developed as one
monolithic application. According to an interview in 2012 with Chuck Rossi, a
build engineer at Facebook, Facebook compiles into a 1.5 GB binary blob
which is then distributed to the servers using a custom BitTorrent-based release system. Rossi stated
that it takes approximately 15 minutes to build and 15 minutes to release to
the servers. The build and release process is zero downtime and new changes to
Facebook are rolled out daily.
2 comments:
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